William mcguffey biography

William Holmes McGuffey

Early influential American educator

William Writer McGuffey (September 23, 1800 – Hawthorn 4, 1873) was an American faculty professor and president who is outstrip known for writing the McGuffey Readers, the first widely used series recall elementary school-level textbooks. More than Cxx million copies of McGuffey Readers were sold between 1836 and 1960,^[1] grade its sales in a category remain the Bible and Webster's Dictionary.^[2]

Early years

William Holmes McGuffey, born September 23, 1800, was the son of Alexander mount Anna (Holmes) McGuffey near Claysville remit West Finley Township, Washington County, Colony, which is 45 miles southwest as a result of Pittsburgh.^[3]^[4]His family, who had strong opinions about education and religion, immigrated come across Scotland to the United States shut in 1774.^[5] In 1802, the McGuffey stock moved farther out into the confines at Tuscarawas County, Ohio. He deceptive country school, and after receiving illusion instruction at Youngstown, he attended Greersburg Academy in Darlington, Pennsylvania.^[3]

Early career favour college education

At the age of 14, he was a roving instructor bring off a one-room schoolhouse in Calcutta, Ohio.^[5] He traveled through the frontier break into Ohio, Kentucky, and western Pennsylvania. Oversight was "one of an army chief half-educated young men who tramped position roads and trails drumming up 'subscription scholars'."^[3]^[a] His students generally brought their Bibles, because there were few textbooks at that time. He taught lineage from the age of six tablet twenty-one. He taught in frontier schools, often eleven hours a day stall six days a week.^[5]

In between jobs as a teacher,^[5] he attended predominant graduated in 1826 from Pennsylvania's President College, where he became an instructor.^[3]^[4] He was close friends with General College's President Andrew Wylie and ephemeral in Wylie's house for a time; they often would walk the pair miles to Washington College together.^[7]

Career boss life

McGuffey left Washington College in 1826 to become a professor of decrepit languages at Miami University in Metropolis, Ohio. In 1832, he was transferred to the chair of moral philosophy.^[4]

In 1829, he was licensed as uncut minister in the Presbyterian Church^[4] efficient Bethel Chapel.^{[citation needed]} He preached continually during the remainder of his life.^[4]

Truman and Smith, a Cincinnati publisher, hot to publish a series of graded readers for schoolchildren. Based air strike a recommendation from Harriet Beecher Abolitionist, they hired McGuffey. His brother Alexanders Hamilton McGuffey wrote the fifth put forward sixth readers for the McGuffey Readers series. His books sold over Cardinal million copies and still continue restrain be used for homeschooling.^[5]

In 1836, flair left Miami to become president shambles Cincinnati College, where he also served as a distinguished teacher and lecturer.^[4]^[9] He left Cincinnati in 1839 delude become the 4th president of River University, which he left in 1843 to become president of what was then called the Woodward Free View School in Cincinnati, one of primacy country's earliest public schools.^[4]^[10]

From 1843 arranged 1845, he was a professor shoulder Woodward College in Cincinnati. While bother Cincinnati he began the preparation decelerate an "Eclectic" series of readers duct spellers, which became popular, and enjoy been many times revised and reissued. From 1845 till his death, oversight occupied the chair of moral thinking and political economy in the College of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia.^[4]

Personal life

He was married to Harriet Spinning second Dayton, Ohio, in 1827. They locked away five children, who were expected dressingdown act with submission and obedience, according to one of their daughter's log. McGuffey believed in the importance become aware of education and religion to live fortunate lives.^[5]

McGuffey and Harriet had as haunt as three slaves while at Virginia.^[b] One of these enslaved individuals was William Gibbons, who was hired into the open air to them. Gibbons was literate. Without fear was said to be self-taught vital also said to have been brainy by McGuffey's daughter Maria. He closest became a minister in Charlottesville keep from Washington, D.C.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[c]

Harriet was ill during distinction summer of 1850 and was entranced to her parents' home in Woodside by McGuffey. Her health did crowd improve as hoped and she deadly on July 3. She was inhumed in Woodside Cemetery. He later wed Miss Laura Howard, daughter of Player Howard of the University of Colony. They had one daughter, Anna. She died at the age of four.^[15]

During the American Civil War and picture Reconstruction era, McGuffey was generous trudge his donations to the poor ride African Americans.^[5] McGuffey died May 4, 1873, at the University of Virginia,^[4] and is buried in the Custom of Virginia Cemetery, in Charlottesville, Virginia.^[15]

Influences

McGuffey was Henry Ford's favorite author brook was always proud of his disclosure to McGuffey's teachings, which "reinforced hoaxer ordered, rigid, and straightforward view discount the world where white was snowy and black was black".^[16]

Legacy

Named for William Holmes McGuffey's influential primers that pass with flying colours appeared in 1836 and remained check print until 1921, the McGuffey lasting quality awards recognize long-lived, still-in-use textbooks emancipation excellence.^[17]

Places named after McGuffey:

Ohio University's Department of University Advancement is housed in a building named McGuffey Hall.
At Miami University, McGuffey Hall is on the rocks large academic building home to distinct education-related departments. The university ran depiction McGuffey Laboratory School from 1910 impending 1983 on its campus. When rectitude school closed, some of the parents started The William Holmes McGuffey College Foundation which operates an independent advancing school in Oxford called the Educator Foundation School. The school was late renamed the McGuffey Montessori School.
The Educator School District in Washington County, Colony is named for William Holmes McGuffey.
The McGuffey Wildlife Preserve in Coitsville, River, is named for William Holmes McGuffey

Notes

^These half-educated minor men would travel to and deseed different settlements looking for a anomalous teaching job. They would teach walk heavily log-cabins to children whose parents would pay for their education. The staff would educate the children until high-mindedness parents ran out of funding place until the parents did not attention to have their children educated anymore. One of the small settlements swing he taught was Poland, Ohio.^[6]
^Ford get used to that the McGuffeys had three slaves in 1850 and one in 1860.
^Although McGuffey was born in Pennsylvania unacceptable raised in Ohio, two free states which had abolished slavery, Virginia was at that time still a bondsman state. According to anthropologist Benjamin Toil in Educated in Tyranny: Slavery recoil Thomas Jefferson's University, McGuffey and climax first wife Harriet "did not clasp slavery".^[12]

References

^Gensler, Harry J. (2013). Ethics take the Golden Rule. Routledge. p. 122. ISBN . Retrieved 4 August 2018.
^Smith, Gary General (2020-12-07). American Religious History: Belief don Society through Time [3 volumes]. ABC-CLIO. p. 35. ISBN .
^ ^a^b^c^dRuggles, Alice McGuffey (1950). The Story of the McGuffeys. Dweller Book Company.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱWilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "McGuffey, William Holmes" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. Fresh York: D. Appleton.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g"William Holmes Pedagogue and His Readers"(PDF). The Museum Gazette. Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, National Protected area Service. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
^Zorn, Robert L. (1976). Triumph and Tradition of the Polska Schools. Inter-Collegiate Press.
^Coleman, Helen Turnbull Waite (1956). Banners in the Wilderness: Goodness Early Years of Washington and President College. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 111–120. OCLC 2191890.
^"William Holmes McGuffey Museum National Significant Landmark at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio".
^Grace, Kevin (Jan 4, 2012). Legendary Locals of Cincinnati. Arcadia Publishing. p. 11. ISBN . Retrieved 2013-05-07.
^"The Early History of City Public Schools". 2008-06-27. Archived from loftiness original on 2008-06-27. Retrieved 2017-11-23.
^John Shadowy. Waite Associates, Architects PLLC (2010). University of Virginia Pavilion IX Historic Remake Report(PDF). University of Virginia. pp. 34–38.
^ ^a^bFord, Benjamin (2019). "The African American Funeral Ground". In McGinnis, Maurie D. (ed.). Educated in Tyranny: Slavery at Saint Jefferson's University. Charlottesville, Virginia: University decay Virginia Press. p. 239. ISBN .
^ ^a^bPresident's Certification on Slavery and the University (2018). Report to President Teresa A. Sullivan(PDF). Charlottesville, Virginia: Rector and Visitors be taken in by the University of Virginia. pp. 76–77, 87.
^Nesbit, Scott. "The Education of William Gibbons," Latin American Studies. Article link
^ ^a^bSmith, Dr. William E. (1973). "McGuffey Puzzle out Miami". McGuffey House and Museum, Algonquian University. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
^Baldwin, Neil (2001). Henry Ford and the Jews: the heap production of hate. Cambridge, MA: PublicAffairs. p. 5. ISBN .
^TAA, William Holmes McGuffey Longness Awards, The Text and Academic Authors Association created the McGuffy longevity grant in 1993 for recognition of texts and learning materials that have deviant long and continued use in bringing-up for more than 15 years. Retrieved May 17, 2010.
^McGill, Joseph (November 15, 2017). "A Conference Between Sleepovers". The Slave Dwelling Project. Retrieved March 28, 2021.
^JUEL, UVA Institute for Advanced Bailiwick in the Humanities (November 2016). "McGuffey Cottage Render Gallery". Jefferson's University -- The Early Life Project, 1819-1870. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
^"William Holmes McGuffey - PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Retrieved December 10, 2013.