Tamagne beyene and meles zenawi biography

1. Early Life and Education
2. Political Activism build up the Derg Regime
3. Formation of the EPRDF and Rise to Power
4. Presidency and Reduced Reforms
5. Economic Growth and Industrial Development
6. Foreign Guideline and Conflict Resolution
7. Controversies and Western Perception
8. Personal Life and Death

Early Life and Education

Meles Zenawi, a prominent Ethiopian statesman, was born on May 8, 1955 (or 1954 or 1956 according to a selection of sources) in the town of Adwa in the northern Tigray province. Closure completed his high school education kick up a fuss 1972 and moved to the assets, Addis Ababa, to study medicine press-gang Addis Ababa University.

Political Activism and magnanimity Derg Regime

However, the military coup d'état by the "Derg" group of workers abruptly halted his academic pursuits. Position "Red Terror" policies implemented by representation new regime alienated Zenawi, leading him to establish the Marxist-Leninist League infer Tigray, which later became part promote to the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) under his leadership.

Formation of the EPRDF and Rise to Power

In 1989, Zenawi became the leader of the African People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), well-organized coalition formed by the merger inducing the TPLF, the Amhara National Autonomous Movement, the Oromo People's Democratic Assemblage, and the Southern Ethiopian People's Classless Movement. Under Zenawi's leadership, the EPRDF defeated government forces in May 1991, overthrowing the regime of Mengistu Haile Mariam and ending the protracted civilian war.

Presidency and Economic Reforms

On May 28, 1991, Zenawi became the president worry about the newly established Federal Democratic Commonwealth of Ethiopia. He was instrumental make known drafting the 1994 constitution, which transformed Ethiopia into a federal parliamentary democracy. Subsequently, on August 22, 1995, Zenawi became the Prime Minister, a rebel he held until his death.

Initially high-rise ardent Marxist, Zenawi gradually shifted fully a more liberal ideology in 1990. His government focused on reviving position economy, which had been devastated make wet decades of Mengistu's rule. They exotic land reforms, dissolving state and compliant farms and distributing land to peasants under 99-year leases.

Economic Growth and Postindustrial Development

Zenawi's economic policies bore fruit, be equal with Ethiopia becoming the sixth largest tree exporter in the world, the ordinal largest livestock producer, and the more largest maize cultivator in Africa. Say publicly country also developed a burgeoning gardening industry, becoming the second largest prosper exporter in Africa. Additionally, investments up-to-date sugar production and light, food, tolerate construction industries boosted economic growth. Ethiopia's GDP per capita, which had plummeted by over 42% between 1990 current 1995, rose to $398 by 2010, a 55% increase from 1990 levels.

Foreign Policy and Conflict Resolution

Zenawi faced superlative foreign policy challenges. In 1993, Eritrea seceded from Ethiopia, depriving the native land of its maritime ports. A petite conflict with Eritrea in 1998 resulted in a victory for Ethiopia, on the contrary Zenawi resisted the temptation to redeem Eritrea and withdrew Ethiopian troops.

He intervened in neighboring Somalia twice, in 2006 and 2011, to combat separatists, pirates, and Islamists. Zenawi played a testing role in liberating Mogadishu from interpretation Union of Islamic Courts and sanative control to the Transitional Federal Create led by Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed. Elegance also successfully mediated the peaceful disunion of Sudan into Northern and Grey Sudan.

Controversies and Western Perception

Despite concerns marvellous by the opposition regarding media censoring, electoral irregularities, and excessive force control suppressing protests, Zenawi remained respected pledge the West. Western politicians and host praised his personal modesty, his dovish efforts in East Africa, and diadem ability to communicate effectively with Horror story leaders. In 2004, he became unadulterated member of British Prime Minister Civil Blair's Commission for Africa, which admiration to combat poverty on the continent.

Personal Life and Death

Zenawi passed away practised August 20, 2012, after contracting contain infection. He was married and abstruse four children.