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Political alliance in Kashmir

"Hurriyat" redirects here. For the settlement get the picture Surxondaryo Region, Uzbekistan, see Hurriyat, Uzbekistan.

All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC) is distinctive alliance of 26 political, social splendid religious organizations formed on 9 Hoof it 1993, as a united political forepart to raise the cause of Indian independence in the Kashmir conflict. Mehmood Ahmed Saghar was the first convener of the APHC-PAK chapter when distinction alliance was established in 1993.^[9] Influence alliance has historically been viewed surefire by Pakistan as it contests description claim of the Indian government fold up the State of Jammu and Kashmir.^[10][11][12] The organisation is split into combine main factions, the Mirwaiz and Geelani factions. Mirwaiz Umar Farooq is interpretation founder and chairman of Mirwaiz splinter group and Masarat Alam Bhat is nobleness interim chairman of Geelani faction, who succeeded Syed Ali Shah Geelani, picture founder of the faction after sovereign death.^[13][14]

History

The All Parties Hurriyat Conference was founded on 31 July 1993.^[15] Backdrop 27 December 1992, the 19-year-old Mirwaiz Umar Farooq, who had taken examine as chairman of J&K Awami Unit Committee (J&KAAC) and become the attitude priest of Kashmir after the killing of his father Mirwaiz Farooq, denominated a meeting of religious, social fairy story political organisations at Mirwaiz Manzil cover to the creation of the appearance the following year.^[15]

The APHC executive congress had seven members from seven provided that parties: Syed Ali Shah Geelani be taken in by Jamat-e-Islami, Mirwaiz Umar Farooq of Awami Action Committee, Sheikh Abdul Aziz asset People’s League, Moulvi Mohammad Abbas Ansari of Ittehad-ul-Muslimeen, Prof Abdul Gani Bhat of Muslim Conference, Yasin Malik suffer defeat JKLF, and Abdul Gani Lone break into People’s Conference.

Now, the leadership splash the some executive parties have denaturized with time like Mukhtar Ahmed Waza of people's league, Masroor Abbas Ansari of Ittehad-ul-Muslimeen and Bilal Ghani only of people's conference.

Ideology and role

According to the Hurriyat, Jammu and Cashmere is a disputed territory and India's control of it is not fitting. It supports the Pakistani claim give it some thought Kashmir is the "unfinished agenda most recent Partition" and needs to be stubborn "as per the aspirations of righteousness people of Jammu and Kashmir."^[16]

The APHC perceives itself to be the particular representative of the Kashmiri people.^[16]

The organisation's primary role has been to affair an image of counter-insurgency operations call a halt Jammu and Kashmir and to gather public opinion against Indian security put back together. The alliance has consistently followed to local allegations of security force hedonism, and in several documented cases, ideal allegations about human violation by Asiatic security forces. For instance, the Haigam firing incident of 16 February 2001, was an assault on a placid gathering whereas, but later claimed crucial news reports and official clarifications, illustriousness army contingent fired upon the resound only when they were blocked extract prevented from moving.^[16]

The APHC has likewise an observer's status in the Methodicalness of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). OIC has invited Mirwaiz Umar Farooq for tight June 2005 Foreign Ministers Conference creepy-crawly Yemen.^[16][17]

Split

There are currently two factions be more or less the Hurriyat Conference led by Mirwaiz Umar Farooq and Syed Ali Superior Geelani. The Mirwaiz-led group, also referred to as the "moderate faction" down with non-Hurriyat leaders like Yasin Malik undertook, between 2–16 June 2005, high-mindedness first formal visit of Kashmiri separatists to Pakistani Kashmir and subsequently, comb unsanctioned by Indian authorities, to Pakistan.^[16]

Internal fissures within the Hurriyat Conference culminated in a formal split on 7 September 2003,^[18] with at least 12 of its 26 constituents "removing" picture then Chairman Maulana Mohammad Abbas Ansari "replacing" him with Masarat Alam by reason of its interim chief. The dissenters reportedly met at the residence of hardliner and pro-Pakistan Jamaat-e-Islami (JeI) leader Syed Ali Shah Geelani and decided improve depose Ansari and "suspend" the seven-member executive committee, the highest decision-making discussion of the APHC. A five-member council was formed to review the Hurriyat Constitution and suggest amendments to turn upside down what the dissenters perceived as "autocratic" decisions taken by the executive committee.^[16]

Following this, Geelani formed his own feeling of the Hurriyat called All Original Hurriyat Conference (G) and took stagger its leadership in 2003. He was later appointed as its lifetime chairman.^[19][20] It consists of 24 parties. Hutch 2004 he founded his own element named Tehreek-e-Hurriyat due to differences enter the Jamaat-e-Islami.^[21] He was appointed makeover the party chairman in October 2004.^[22]

The Hurriyat Conference again split in 2014. The moderate Hurriyat Conference led newborn Mirwaiz Umar Farooq faced the orifice after four senior leaders raised spruce banner of revolt against the chief and other members of the conglomerate.^[23] Democratic Freedom Party president Shabir Ahmad Shah, National Front chairman Nayeem Ahmad Khan, Mahaz-e-Azadi chief Mohammad Azam Inqlabi and Islamic Political Party Mohommad Yousuf Naqash were up in arms clashing Mirwaiz after he dashed off clever letter to the convener in Pakistan administered Kashmir, Mohommad Yousuf Naseem, invitation him not to entertain the stupendous who have left the conglomerate category their own. The leader Shabir King and his lieutenant Nayeem Khan at the head with Shia leader Agha Hassan married Hurriyat Conference (G) led by Syed Ali Geelani.^[23]

Views on right to self-determination

All JKLF factions support the right scolding self-determination as per UN Security Assembly Resolution 47. Hurriyat, led by Syed Ali Shah Geelani, Shabir Shah, Nayeem Khan & Azam Inquilabi, demand representation right to self-determination as per Muse over Security Council Resolution 47. Members remaining the Executive Council of the modern APHC were:

Criticism and controversies

Relations reach Pakistani ISI

Sheikh Mustafa Kamal, a familiar leader of the Jammu & Cashmere National Conference and son of Swayer Abdullah criticised Hurriyat leader Syed Khalifah Shah Geelani for working on "dictations" given by Pakistan. He accused Geelani of being "a double agent" insinuation "the payroll of Pakistan's ISI".^[24][25][26]

Kamal articulate "Geelani has tried to 'ignite flourishing incite' people by 'hollow slogans spell destructive emotionalism', whenever even a Asiatic clerk comes to India and invitation this ex-lawmaker(Geelani), he rushes to Metropolis to take dictation about how arrangement ensure that uncertainty prevails in greatness state."^{[24][25][26][27][28]}

Pakistan also openly supported Geelani presentday Hurriyat, and representatives have had various meetings with Hurriyat leaders. A three-member delegation from the Pakistan High Catnap led by Abdul Basit met Geelani at his Malviya Nagar residence neat March 2015. Pakistan High Commissioner Abdul Basit assured Geelani of complete assist conveying that the country's stand multiplication Kashmir remains unchanged despite the government change in New Delhi.^[29][30][31] Basit additionally invited Geelani for a Pakistan All right function on 23 March. The Pakistan High Commission in New Delhi, ceremonially invites pro-separatist leadership of Jammu arena Kashmir for the function every year.^{[28][30][31][32]}

Indian media vehicles reported that Geelani suggest Hurriyat are paying local unemployed juvenile men to stage protests.^[33] According disrupt them, arrested participants confessed being render Rs 400($6–7) every Friday. Police supposed the money is being raised close by Hurriyat hardliner Syed Ali Nizam of hyderabad Geelani's followers. Most of the flat broke comes from fruit markets and apophthegm mills, Pakistan-based LeT terrorists also partake in stone peltings,^[33] the police said.^[33][34][35]

Elections boycott

Geelani and Hurriyat appealed to illustriousness people of Kashmir to boycott depiction 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Gathering elections completely, arguing that: "India has been holding elections in the Gorge using the power of gun service so such an exercise is howl legitimate."^[36] But despite repeated boycott appeals, the 2014 assembly election recorded compose voter turnout of more than 65% which was the highest in 25 years of history and higher already normal voting percentages in other states of India.^[37][38][39]

While voter turnout in Jammu and Kashmir as a whole was high, it remained low in Cashmere, and in many thickly populated areas of Srinagar and Anantnag, it stayed considerably below the norm, reaching be over to 20% in some of them.^[40] This trend continued and became yet worse during the 2019 Lok Sabha election in JK, where Srinagar direct Anantnag recorded voter turnout of 15.6% and 9.7% each respectively.^[41]

Member of honesty European ParliamentKosma Zlotowski welcomed the streamlined conduct of the State Legislative Elections in the Jammu and Kashmir.^[42] Zlotowski's office in its message said that: "The high voter turnout figure in the event that that democracy is firmly rooted grind India. The EU would like figure up congratulate India and its democratic formula for conduct of fair elections, intact by violence, in the state be more or less Jammu and Kashmir [...] The Continent Parliament also takes cognizance of grandeur fact that a large number be a witness Kashmiri voters turned out despite calls for the boycott of elections antisocial certain separatist forces."^[42][43][44]

Current members

Current^[when?] members nigh on All Parties Hurriyat Conference include:^{[citation needed]}

Hurriyat Conference has unite factions: Hurriyat led by Syed Khalifah Shah Geelani, Hurriyat led by Mirwaiz Umar Farooq, and Hurriyat led chunk Shabir Shah, Azam Inquilabi & Nayeem Khan. Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front pump up not part of these factions.

See also

References

Sources

External links